TY - JOUR AU - Makhortykh, S. V. PY - 2020/04/20 Y2 - 2024/03/29 TI - THE SCYTHIANS AND URARTU JF - Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine JA - journal VL - 36 IS - 3 SE - Articles DO - 10.37445/adiu.2020.03.02 UR - https://adiu.com.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/272 SP - 79-90 AB - The numerous Scythian (broadly speaking) artifacts have been discovered in the Urartian fortresses Ayanis and Karmir-Blur. They include the weapons (bronze socketed arrowheads), trappings (iron and bone cheekpieces, harness fittings, etc.), and objects decorated in the Scythian animal style. These findings is the important source of archaeological data and serve as independent chronological indicator that advances our current understanding of the periodization and character of the interrelations between the nomads and various Middle Eastern states. The typological and chronological analysis of the Scythian antiquities in the Urartian historical and cultural context indicates that these antiquities belong to the different periods. It also allows us to identify the earlier and later sets of artifacts. The materials from Ayanis belong to the oldest antiquities and could be associated with the contacts between the Scythinas and Urartu in the second — the beginning of the third quarter of the 7th century BC. These finds are represented by bilobate arrowheads with rhomboid and oval heads, a scabbard chape decorated with the image of a curled animal without clear features of feline predators, iron straight three-looped and bone zoomorphic cheekpieces ornamented with an image of ram’s head. On the contrary, nomadic materials from Karmir-Blur are a bit later and are indicative of active contacts between the Urartians and the Scythians in the second half of the 7th century BC and the beginning of the 6th century BC. These finds include the wide range of bronze socketed arrowheads, among them the numerous trilobate of various modifications, the bouterolle decorated with schematic image of curled predator, three-hole bone cheekpieces with the animal hoof on the lower end and rectangular protrusion in the middle of the bar, bronze zoomorphic harness fittings ornamented with the image of ram’s head, etc. Thus, available data do not confirm the hypothesis about the simultaneous destruction of Urartian fortresses and the complete destruction of Urartu in the middle of the 7th century BC. ER -