TURKISH FACTOR IN THE GEOGRAPHICAL SPACE OF UKRAINE (BY ARCHAEOLOGICAL MATERIALS)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2018.01.06Keywords:
Turks factor, the space of Ukraine, Slav’s societies, archaeological investigations, integration of cultures.Abstract
The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the participation of Turk’s factor in the civilization process on the territory of Ukraine from the middle of the first — in the second millennium AD.
The study of the relations between Turks and Slavs for the long time was under press of negative views on the role of nomads, especially events of Mongol and Tatar’s invasion on the Old Russ in the middle of the XIII cent. The records were limited by written sources, and first archaeological materials come under observation only from the second part of XIX century. The results of mass archaeological excavation become the base of the investigation till the end of XX — at the beginning of the XXI century. It was the time of transformation of methodological position also. Due to achievements in the study of Turks monuments in Ukraine, the new aspects of the problem can be investigated.
First of all, it is needed to stress the specific of natural environment of the Ukrainian lands, which provided the possibility of the development of the settled and nomadic mode of life. For the second one, the position on the crossroads of Asian and European worlds was one of the main reasons of the coming of Turk’s tribes into Ukraine, which became of the place of the obliged contacts and interrelations of Slav’s and Turk’s societies.
The great attention was done to the problem of social organization of different Turk’s societies on the way to civilization, its contacts with Slavs on the different stages of the historical development, ethno and cultural integration. In the results of the archaeological and anthropological investigations the assimilation of the great part of Turks population on the territory of the Ukrainian lands was established. Besides of it, genetic features of Turks not only registries, but increased in the population of the Middle Dnieper area of Late Medieval and Modern periods. But in spite of that, in the formation of the Ukrainian nation the Slav’s component dominated. The movement of population, especially Cossacks to the direction of the Azov and Black sea was fixed, as of the natural and historical frontiers of Ukrainian lands.
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