BIOGRAPHY OF M. P. KUCHERA IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF MOTHERLAND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2022.03.01Keywords:
M. P. Kuchera, Old Rus fortifications, hill-forts, wood and earthmen Zmiiv and Trajan’s ramparts, archaeological sites, typology and chronology of Ancient Rus ceramics, archaeological prospecting, scientific heritage, science of science.Abstract
This year marks the centenary of the birth of Mykhailo Petrovych Kuchera, and this date allows turning again to the analysis and comprehension of the scholar’s rich scientific experience and heritage. In 1950, while still a student and a front-line soldier, Mykhailo Petrovych already as a draftsman participated in the work of the Podil detachment of the Great Kyiv Expedition under the leadership of V. A. Berezovets. M. P. Kuchera’s skill to draw plans and profiles like an expert determined in many ways the features of his field methodology and a high qualitative level of documentation processing. Starting from the 1950s, he had been conducting field research for more than 50 years throughout Ukraine. Analysis M. P. Kuchera’s field activities with the help of GIS specially developed by the authors and the database of field reports of the scholar, reveal the widest geography of his research, as he examined and recorded 500 archaeological sites. Most of his force and time (20 seasons) M. P. Kuchera devoted to the exploration of annalistic Kyiv Land. The scholar paid most attention to the study of Old Rus fortification and hill-forts. By the end of the 1970s, he had prepared a monographic study of Old Rus hill-forts in Ukraine published unfortunately after his death in 1999. Since 1974, Mykhailo Petrovych headed an expedition for 12 years which aim was to identify, documentary record, and archaeologically and reliably date the legendary Zmiiv ramparts of the Dnipro River middle region. It was found out that 23 Zmiiv ramparts grouped into 9 lines, have a length of almost 1000 km and were built in the Old Rus period for protection from the nomads. Serial concrete irrefutable constructive, stratigraphic, and archaeological evidence of the time of creation and purpose of rampart lines were revealed. The implementation of such a long, large-scale, and significant project is a real scientific feat of the scientist. Mykhailo Petrovych is also highly respected as a creator of the Old Rus ceramics’ typology and chronology, and as the first person who singled out and described the post-Mongolian ceramics. The scholar made a great contribution to the study of the complex et hno-cultural structure of the Rus-Ukrainian population. M. P. Kuchera’s theoretical concepts, applied practical scientific research methods, and scientific heritage as a whole, need a special comprehensive study and further development.
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