THE FLINT ASSEMBLAGE OF THE ANETIVKA 13 SITE IN THE CONTEXT OF PALEOLITHIC INDUSTRIES OF THE NORTHWESTERN BLACK SEA COAST
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2025.01.01Keywords:
Northwestern Black Sea region, Palaeolithic, Anetіvka 13, flint inventoryAbstract
The Anetivka 13 site was discovered in 1978 by Prychornomorska Expedition headed by V. N. Stanko. The site is located 1.5 km northeast of Shchutske village, on the cape of the right bank of the Bakshala River. In 1986—1987, the site was additionally surveyed and ca. 2,000 flints were collected. According to the knapping technology and the shape of stone tools in the Anetivka 13 industry the Archaic and Late Paleolithic complexes were identified. The archaic complex is represented by tools typical of the Mousterian period: disc-shaped cores, flakes with faceted platforms, scrapers, points, notched and denticulated tools, etc. The Upper Paleolithic complex included angle and dihedral burins, scrapers, retouched blades and flakes, combined tools, blades and flakes with undercutting, single- and double-platform cores, ridge flakes, etc.
In 1991—1994, archaeological research was conducted at the site. The excavations resulted in the discovery of about 57,000 flint items.
Based on the results of the research, it was concluded that the flint industry of the Anetivka 13 site is transitional from the Mousterian to the Late (Upper) Paleolithic. Later it became the basis for the formation of the Anetivka archaeological culture.
However, the available archaeological material of the site at the current level of research allows us to put forward an alternative point of view. The flint collection of the site is quite specific. The inventory is dominated by flint raw materials (flint nodules and fragments). Among the core, there are types characteristic of both the Mousterian and Upper Paleolithic periods. Flakes and blades are represented in small numbers. The tools (end-scrapers, burins, points, etc.) are rather amorphous. The Anetivka 13 flint assemblage is not similar to the complexes of other sites in the region. Thus, it can be assumed that Anetivka 13 is the place for extraction of raw materials that functioned in different archaeological periods of the Stone Age.
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