DECOR OF FACETED JUGS OF THE CHERNYAKHIV CULTURE (the Case Study of the Dnipro Left Bank Forest-Steppe Region)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2025.03.01Keywords:
Chernyakhiv culture, jugs, facets, Dnipro Left Bank Forest-Steppe Region, pottery decoration.Abstract
Some type of ornamented one-handled jugs of the Chernyakhiv culture of the Dnipro Left Bank Forest-Steppe Region is examined in the paper. These are biconical faceted jugs. 28 items of such objects discovered at 19 sites (burial grounds and settlements) were mapped and recorded. In addition to the Chernyakhiv burials, jugs of this type were also discovered in the Alans barrow graves. The typology of these objects based on decorative elements is proposed. A total of 5 subtypes of jugs have been classified, each of which can be divided into 2 variants. The most common is subtype 1 of jugs. Subtypes 4 and 5 are much less common. The issue of genesis of the decoration of the Chernyakhiv one-handled jugs remains currently unclear. It is interesting the opinion of Boris Magomedov who believes that this group is the imitation of early Byzantine metal jugs joined with traditional forms of Welbark culture. Other researchers also supported the opinion that such dйcor came from metal products. These jugs come from the assemblages of the second half of the 4th — first third of the 5th century AD and can be used as chronological markers. Most of these items can be dated more narrowly: the late 4th — early 5th century AD and mark the final stage of the Dnipro Left Bank Forest-Steppe Region. Thus, faceted jugs with a biconical body on the territory of the Dnipro Forest-Steppe Left Bank have formed a representative group which is relatively narrowly dated and can mark, along with other chronological indicators, the final stage of the Chernyakhiv culture in the region. At the same time, the group of these objects demonstrates a diverse technical spectrum in manufacturing, in particular in decoration. This, on the one hand, can convey the image of one item (for example, metallic), on the other hand, can indicate the cultural and aesthetic peculiarity of such jugs and, of course, the lack of standardization in the methods of display their image (today we are not aware of any finds of two identical products of this type).
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